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Difference (philosophy)
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Difference (philosophy) : ウィキペディア英語版
Difference (philosophy)
Difference is a key concept of philosophy, denoting the process or set of properties by which one entity is distinguished from another within a relational field or a given conceptual system. In the Western philosophical system, difference is traditionally viewed as being opposed to identity, following the Principles of Leibniz, and in particular, his Law of the Identity of indiscernibles. In structuralist and poststructuralist accounts, however, difference is understood to be ''constitutive'' of both meaning and identity. In other words, because identity (particularly, but not limited to, personal identity) is viewed in non-essentialist terms as a construct, and because constructs only produce meaning through the interplay of differences (see below), it is the case that for both structuralism and poststructuralism, identity cannot be said to exist without difference.
==Difference in Leibniz's Law==
Gottfried Leibniz's Principle of the Identity of indiscernibles states that two things are identical if and only if they share the same and only the same properties. This is a principle which defines identity rather than difference, although it established the tradition in logic and analytical philosophy of conceiving of identity and difference as oppositional.

抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア(Wikipedia)
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